This temple is situated to the north of Siem Reap town, along the river, opposite the Angkor Conservation Office. It was constructed of brick with three towers, but there are now only two towers remaining. One of the two towers has conserved two Khmer inscriptions on the door frames (K. 262). One stele contains inscriptions in Sanskrit and in Khmer (K. 268). The two groups of inscriptions describe the foundation of the temple of Dvijendrapura (the town of the lord of the Brahmans), where was located the ancient site of Preah Enkosei. G. Cœde's suggested that in the inscription (K. 262) is mentioned the name of the temple of Dvijendrapura, which is dated to 968 AD, and was under the reign of Jayavarman V (G. Cœdès, IC, IV). The same date as this temple has also been found in the inscription of the temple, whose ancient name was Madhuvana (in Khmer Vrai Gmum, or Prei Khmom), and was founded in 968 AD, by the same Brahman Diva karabha a who had married the princess Indralak , the daughter of Rajendravarman (944-968 AD).

The name Preah Enkosei, or Brah Inda Kosi means "Indra of fortune" (kosi is equivalent to the Sanskrit kosavant), another name of Indra. Indakosi is the name of the Buddhist Indra, who appeared in the middle period texts and also in the folklore. The name kosi is an important name to know the Preah Enkosei temple, which was related to Theravada Buddhism in the middle period. The modern name of this temple undoubtedly dates back to its early Buddhist transformation, like the other temples in the Angkor area.